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Hand Forging by Thomas F. Googerty

p.114 HAND-FORGING of the same size, and in order to produce these quickly and uniformly they are shaped over a tool called a former. Fig. 67 shows a former for this kind of bending. It is made of flat stock, excepting the part that fits into the square hole of the anvil. To make this former a heavy piece of iron is welded to a flat piece, and the flat part is hammered into scroll shape with the hand hammer as previously explained for scrollwork. The heavy piece is to fit the square hole in the anvil. The former ought to be shaped the same size as the scroll wanted. After it is formed it is heated, and with a pair of tongs the eye is caught and pulled out, giving it the spiral shape shown in the drawing. The method of forming a scroll with this tool is first to heat the bar and hammer a little hook or eye at the end, or it may be hammered over a form. The bar with the hook at the end is shown at A, Fig. 67. The bar is then heated its entire length, or enough to form the body of the scroll, and the eye at the end of the bar is hooked over the top of the former and is wound around it. If the bar does not hug the former it may be given a blow with the hammer where needed. The scroll is now lifted off the former, and as it will be spiral shape it must be pressed flat. This is done by setting it onto the surface plate while still hot, and then pressing it flat with the hammer.
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p.114 HAND-FORGING of the same size, and in order to produce these quickly and uniformly they are shaped over a tool called a former. Fig. 67 shows a former for this kind of bending. It is made of flat stock, excepting the part that fits into the square hole of the anvil. To make this former a heavy piece of iron is welded to a flat piece, and the flat part is hammered into scroll shape with the hand hammer as previously explained for scrollwork. The heavy piece is to fit the square hole in the anvil. The former ought to be shaped the same size as the scroll wanted. After it is formed it is heated, and with a pair of tongs the eye is caught and pulled out, giving it the spiral shape shown in the drawing. The method of forming a scroll with this tool is first to heat the bar and hammer a little hook or eye at the end, or it may be hammered over a form. The bar with the hook at the end is shown at A, Fig. 67. The bar is then heated its entire length, or enough to form the body of the scroll, and the eye at the end of the bar is hooked over the top of the former and is wound around it. If the bar does not hug the former it may be given a blow with the hammer where needed. The scroll is now lifted off the former, and as it will be spiral shape it must be pressed flat. This is done by setting it onto the surface plate while still hot, and then pressing it flat with the hammer.

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